Macroalgae-Invertebrate Associations in Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur, Philippines: Ecological Survey and Community-based Economic Utility

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine macroalgae-invertebrate associations in Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur, Philippines: ecological survey and community-based economic utility. Specifically, it determined the macroalgal species in both the intertidal and subtidal zones in terms of percent cover, associated invertebrates and their type of association, and community-based economic utility. The study employed a descriptive and observational method, utilizing transect-quadrat sampling. The study protocol was approved by the University Research Ethics Committee. Results show that Division Rhodophyta (red algae) had the highest percent cover for both the intertidal and subtidal zones, followed by Division Chlorophyta (green algae) and Division Phaeophyta (brown algae) respectively. Ecological associations between the macroalgae and invertebrate species range from commensalism, herbivory, facilitative, indirect mutualism, and predatory. Community-based economic utility for the macroalgae and associated invertebrates include the following: livelihood and income generation, local food consumption and market sales, small-scale aquaculture activities, raw materials for food products, souvenirs, or processed goods. These activities help sustain coastal community livelihoods and contribute to local economic development of the community.  It is recommended that community-based coastal resource management (CBCRM) programs involving LGUs, academic institutions, NGOs and fisherfolks may be implemented to promote awareness, conservation, and sustainable use of resources, to sustain the economic, ecological, and social value of macroalgae and associated invertebrates in the community.