E-ISSN: 2458-942X FishTaxa - Journal of Fish Taxonomy is a peer-reviewed international journal to support free exchange of ideas and information in systematics, phylogeny and biogeography of fishes with a preference for large taxonomic works such as monographs, revisions and checklists. FishTaxa considers papers on all freshwater and marine fishes both living and fossil, and especially encourages descriptions of new fish taxa. All types of papers are considered, including theories and methods of systematics and phylogeny, taxonomic monographs, revisions and reviews, catalogues/checklists, biographies and bibliographies, identification guides, analysis of characters, phylogenetic relationships and zoogeographical patterns of distribution, descriptions of taxa, and nomenclature. FishTaxa publishes original research articles, high quality reviews and technical notes/short communication covering all aspects of fish systematics. The members of the FishTaxa scientific board are from well-known universities and research institutes to ensure high-quality publications. Manuscripts are processed using an online system, ensuring efficient and timely evaluations. Type of Journal: Academic/Scholarly Format: Print & Online E-ISSN: 2458-942X Website: www.fishtaxa.com Frequency: annually Language: English Article Processing Charges: 1500 USD Indexed and Abstracted: Yes Contact: editor@fishtaxa.com Scopes of FishTaxa includes: Biology, systematic ichthyology, phylogeny and biogeography of fishes both freshwater and marine (living and fossil fishes) Taxonomic monographs, revisions and reviews, catalogues/checklists Descriptions of taxa, and nomenclature Systematics and phylogeny Biodiversity Biogeography/phylogeography Population genetics Invasive species Morphology and osteology Publisher name: SCARLET PUBLISHING SOLUTIONS CO. L.L.C. UAE.
SCARLET PUBLISHING SOLUTIONS CO. L.L.C. UAE.
A Review of Nutritional Status of Workers in Textile Mills of India
The Indian textile industry, employing over 45 million workers, represents one of the country’s largest labor-intensive sectors and a critical contributor to national economic growth. The nutritional status of its workforce remains a neglected determinant of both worker welfare and industrial productivity. This review critically examines existing evidence on the dietary patterns, nutrient intake and health outcomes of textile mill workers in India, highlighting widespread deficiencies in energy, protein and micronutrients such as iron, vitamin D and calcium. The coexistence of undernutrition and rising risks of obesity and non- communicable diseases underscores the “double burden of malnutrition” within this population. Gender disparities further exacerbate vulnerabilities, with female workers disproportionately affected by anemia, reproductive demands and wage inequities. Occupational hazards such as dust exposure, heat stress and irregular work shifts compound these nutritional risks, yet current research remains fragmented and largely region-specific. Policy responses, while extensive on paper through schemes like the Public Distribution System (PDS) and POSHAN Abhiyaan, seldom reach the factory floor, revealing a persistent policy–practice gap. Limited workplace- based interventions such as subsidized canteens, supplementation and public–private nutrition partnerships have shown promise but lack scalability and sustainability. This review underscores the urgent need for workplace-centered, gender-sensitive and empirically grounded nutrition strategies to improve health and productivity among textile workers. Strengthening research methodologies, integrating nutrition into occupational health frameworks and bridging gaps between national policies and workplace realities are essential to safeguard the well-being of this vulnerable workforce while supporting the long-term growth of India’s textile sector.
Nutritional status, textile mills, occupational health, malnutrition, gender disparities, workplace nutrition and policy gaps
Vinita Chaturvedi, Dr. Pramod K. Raghav.
Nephroprotective Potential of Selenium and Quercetin Nanoparticles Against Acrylamide-Induced Renal Toxicity in Male Albino Wistar Rats
Acrylamide, a toxic compound formed during high-temperature cooking, is widely known for its neurotoxic and carcinogenic effects, while its nephrotoxic impact remains less defined. This study evaluates acrylamide-induced renal toxicity in male Albino Wistar rats and examines the therapeutic efficacy of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and quercetin nanoparticles (QNPs). Acrylamide exposure significantly impaired renal function, elevating serum creatinine (1.85 ± 0.22 mg/dL vs. 0.47 ± 0.08 in control) and urea (61.00 ± 4.58 mg/dL vs. 23.33 ± 6.02) while reducing albumin levels (2.25 ± 0.58 g/dL vs. 5.33 ± 0.25). Oxidative stress was evident through decreased GSH (3.25 ± 2.7 vs. 6.35 ± 2.01 mg/g tissue) and SOD (13.23 ± 4.01 vs. 28.66 ± 5.20 U/g tissue), alongside elevated MDA (36.10 ± 0.24 vs. 15.05 ± 0.28 nmol/g). Treatment with SeNPs and QNPs significantly ameliorated these alterations. SeNPs improved creatinine, urea, and albumin to 1.40 ± 0.04, 47.66 ± 3.51, and 3.26 ± 0.37, respectively, while QNPs showed greater normalization (1.30 ± 0.08; 35.20 ± 0.02; 3.40 ± 0.10). Oxidative markers also improved markedly, particularly in QNP-treated rats. Histopathological observations confirmed near-normal renal architecture following QNP treatment. These findings demonstrate the strong nephroprotective potential of SeNPs and especially QNPs, supporting their future application in mitigating acrylamide-induced renal damage and enhancing human kidney health.
Antioxidative Enzymes; Toxicity; In vivo; Histopathology, Oxidative stress
Uzma Faridi, Yahya Al-Awthan, Mohamed Sakran, Nahla Zidan, Adel I Alalawy, Quseen Akhtar, Hebbatallah Atteia
The Economic War on Iraq After the End of the Iraq-Kuwait War Under International Law and Organizations
This paper is an analysis of the economic sanctions that were imposed on Iraq after the Iraq-Kuwait war as a part of the international law and the role of the international organiza- tions, especially the United Nations. The study explores the determination of whether these sanctions were mainly motivated by the invasion of Iraq of Kuwait or by larger geopolitical interests, in particular, that of the Western powers. Based on the analysis of UN Security Council resolutions and empirical evidence, this thesis claims that economic measures were one sort of economic warfare that was not limited to the mentioned goals of reestab- lishing the sovereignty of Kuwait. The research uses a mixed-method methodology, the use of qualitative and quantitative data of the secondary sources such as governmental reports, scholarly sources, and records. The results indicate that the sanctions had great humanitar- ian costs to the civilian population in Iraq, casting serious doubt regarding their illegality before the international humanitarian law. The study proves that whereas the sanctions were supposed to force Iraq to comply with the international norms, they disproportion- ately impacted vulnerable groups, especially children, and had an outcome of widespread economic decline. The research is relevant to the academic discussion of the effectiveness and ethical consequences of comprehensive economic sanctions as a tool of international policy since it provides critical information on the conflict between state sovereignty, hu- manitarian obligations, and international enforcement of the law.
Bahaa Abbas Sachit Alshujairi, Prof. K. Sita Manikyam
A Real-Time Hilsa Fish Identification System Based on YOLO Deep Learning Technique
Hilsa is one of the commercially important fish species, Tenualosa ilisha and T. toli (Hamilton, 1822) as well as Hilsa kelee need an accurate identification for the sustainable management of marine fisheries. Classical identification of species through morphology is labour intensive and subject to human error, especially for closely related species. In this study, We developed a fish recognition system in real time with use of YOLO (You Only Look Once) deep learning method built to believe Tenualosa ilisha, T. toli, Hilsa kelee and duplicate hilsa based on the main morphological characters. The approach adopted was YOLOv8 model training based on 2,850 annotated images and being trained for a split ratio of 70:20:10 divided among the train-validation-test dataset samples. Rotation and horizontal flipping, box reshaping, brightness adjustment are augmented to make the model more robust. The system appropriately recognized species-specific morphological traits such as body depth ratios, dorsal fin position, structure of the operculum and patterning pattern. Results: Overall identification accuracy was 94.3% (phenotype-averaged mean AP at threshold IoU = 0.5: 91.8%). Identification at the species level for Tenualosa ilisha (96.2% accuracy), T toli, (92.7%), Hilsa kelee (91.4%) and overboard hilsha (93.8%). The developed system offers operational tools for the automated species identification to be used in fisheries surveillance, market control and biodiversity conservation in Indo-Pacihic hilsa habitats.
Hilsa fish identification, YOLO deep learning, species classification, morphological characteristics, Tenualosa ilisha
Knowledge, Awareness and Consumption of Millets among the Rural Women of Bichoon Village, Jaipur District of Rajasthan, India
Purpose: Millets due to their enriched nutritional profile are gaining importance as ‘nutri-cereals’. However, reduced consumption of millets among the population is being observed in the present time. Thus, there is a growing need to assess knowledge, awareness and consumption of millets that could help develop strategies promoting awareness and consumption of millets among the people. The present study was conducted with an objective to assess the knowledge, awareness and consumption of millets among the rural women of Rajasthan. Design/methodology/approach: The present study was conducted among women (n=100) of >21 years of age belonging to Bichoon village (Rajasthan). A structured questionnaire was used for data collection related to knowledge, awareness and consumption of millets among the subjects. Additionally, anthropometric measurements were recorded and 24-hour dietary recall was conducted. Mean, SD, chi-square and odds ratio were used for statistical analysis of the data. Findings: A significant association of income group with knowledge (p=0.024) and consumption (p=0.033) was observed. Frequent consumption of millets being more than once a week had significantly (p=0.000) lesser odds (OR=0.075) of developing diseases including constipation, thyroid and others. Though, greater knowledge and frequent consumption was observed among majority of women, still it was limited to only pearl millet. Originality/value: The present study highlights the level of knowledge, awareness and consumption of millets among the women of Bichoon village of Rajasthan. No such study has been conducted, specifically including rural women belonging to village of Rajasthan.
Millets, rural women, knowledge, awareness, consumption of millets.
Employability Outcomes of PMKVY Beneficiaries: An Urban–Rural Comparative Study of Lucknow and Kanpur
The Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) represents India’s flagship skill development initiative under the Skill India Mission, aimed at improving employability and workforce readiness. Despite large-scale implementation, empirical evidence on its effectiveness across urban and rural contexts remains limited. This study examines the employability outcomes of PMKVY beneficiaries through a comparative analysis of Lucknow and Kanpur districts of Uttar Pradesh. Using primary survey data collected from 768 beneficiaries, the study evaluates skill development, employment and entrepreneurial outcomes, training quality, curriculum relevance, post-training support, and institutional and media influence. To ensure analytical rigor and suitability for Scopus-indexed journals, the study consolidates multiple dimensions into four core hypotheses. One-sample proportion Z-tests and chi-square analysis were applied. The results confirm that PMKVY has significantly enhanced skill development and employability outcomes; however, curriculum relevance and certain institutional mechanisms require improvement. The study contributes policy-relevant insights for strengthening public skill development programs in emerging economies.
PMKVY, Skill Development, Employability Outcomes, Urban–Rural Comparison, Public Policy, India
Dr. Gaurav Bisaria, Dr. Mohd Ariz Siddiqui, Bushra Begum
Assessment of heavy metal contamination in freshwater ponds of Durg district of Chhattisgarh, india
Heavy metal contamination of freshwater ecosystems is a serious environmental and public health issue, particularly where agriculture is intensifying, industrialization and urbanization is occurring quickly. This study examines the levels of selective heavy metals in freshwater ponds like Kalyan Sagar Pond (KSP), Maroda Reservoir (MR), Tandula Canal (TC) and Risali Pond (RP) located throughout the Durg district of Chhattisgarh, India, during the pre-monsoon season. These metals include Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd), Arsenic (As), Chromium (Cr), and Zinc (Zn) and some selective pond fishes. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to measure the concentrations of heavy metals in water samples taken from several representative ponds. The findings showed that metal concentrations varied geographically, such as Ca (26.12ppm) and Hg (0.0002ppm) at KSP while Hg (0.0003ppm) in MR. Similarly, Mg level in KSP, MR, TC, and RP respective 7.19ppm, 4.1ppm, 3.55ppm, and 1.06ppm having major impact like osmoregulation issue and effect. with some locations having levels above the World Health Organization's (WHO) and Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) acceptable limits for drinking and irrigation water. The findings highlight the need for stronger pollution control, regular monitoring, and better water management to reduce heavy metal contamination and protect aquatic ecosystems.
Heavy metals, ICP-OES, pond water, environmental pollution, water quality.
Identification of Mirror Repeats within the SWI 6 Gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The SWI6 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, also known as Switching Deficient 6, encodes a protein essential for the formation and function of the SBF complex (Swi4/Swi6 complex), a critical regulator of the cell cycle. SWI6 plays a pivotal role in facilitating the G1-to-S phase transition by partnering with the transcription factor Swi4 to activate the expression of genes necessary for DNA replication and cell division. Through its involvement in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional activation, SWI6 ensures proper cell cycle progression, particularly in the initiation of DNA synthesis. Mutations or defects in SWI6 disrupt the cell cycle, resulting in cell cycle arrest and impaired cellular proliferation. This study highlights the fundamental role of SWI6 in the regulation of cell division and provides insights into the molecular mechanisms controlling genetic stability in eukaryotic cells through the analysis of mirror repeats using the FASTA–Parallel Complement–BLAST (FPCB) method. To analyze SWI6's sequence and functional homology, we applied the FPCB FASTA–Parallel Complement–BLAST method, facilitating the identification of conserved motifs. Additionally, our research investigates mirror repeats in the SWI6 gene, exploring their potential impact on genetic stability and sequence evolution.
SWI6, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mirror repeats, Switching Deficient 6, cell cycle, FPCB .SWI6, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mirror repeats, Switching Deficient 6, cell cycle, FPCB .
Effect of dietary lipid levels on growth, intestinal enzyme activity, and expression of genes involved in long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis in scale carp, Cyprinus carpio var. communis fingerlings
Lipids play a significant role in growth and various metabolic activities in fish, inclusion of appropriate level of lipid is therefore essential in aquaculture. A 70-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary lipids levels on growth performance, hemato-biochemical parameters, serum parameters, intestinal enzyme activity, and expression of genes involved in long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in scale carp fingerlings. Cyprinus carpio var. communis fingerlings (1.57 ± 0.02 g/fish) were fed isonitrogenous diets (428 g/kg crude protein) containing varying lipid levels (20, 40, 60, 80,100 and 120 g/kg). Fish were fed twice daily to triplicate group of 20 fish per tank at 09:00 and 16:00 hours at the rate of 4% body weight/day. The results show that growth parameters including live weight gain (LWG%), protein efficiency ratio (PER), specific growth rate (SGR%), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and proximate composition vary significantly (P < 0.05) with different dietary lipid levels. While, no significant (P > 0.05) differences in body ash content were observed among the treatments. Hematological and serum parameters also showed significant variation among the treatment. Higher enzymatic activity, with the exception of amylase, was observed at 60.0 g/kg lipid diet. Fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) and elongase of very long chain fatty acids (ELOVL5) mRNA showed higher relative expression at 60.0 and 80.0 g/kg lipid fed diets, respectively. Based on the findings of quadratic regression analysis the optimal dietary requirement of linseed oil as a lipid source for maximum growth in scale carp fingerlings was established at 68.0 g/kg in presence of 20.0 g/kg of cod liver oil of dry diet.
Scale carp, Lipid level, hemato-biochemical parameters, growth performance, fatty acid synthesis.
Aamir Majeed, Imtiaz Ahmed, Nazir A. Dar
Bridging Individual Behavior and Global Biogeography: A Machine Learning Framework for Biodiversity Conservation
Global biodiversity is currently experiencing a catastrophic average decline of 73%, yet a critical "knowledge shortfall" persists due to the disciplinary silo between macro-scale biogeography and individual-scale behavioral ecology. Traditional models often fail to account for the mechanistic behavioral responses that determine species' persistence in fragmented, climate-stressed landscapes. This paper proposes the "Digital Nature" framework, a transdisciplinary machine learning architecture designed to bridge these scales. The framework integrates multi-source data—including hyperspectral satellite imagery, edge-computing acoustic sensors, and citizen science—using an ensemble of Bipartite Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for distribution modeling, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for behavioral pose estimation, and Reinforcement Learning (RL) for restoration policy optimization. Evaluation using 2024 and 2025 empirical datasets demonstrates that the GNN approach achieves high predictive accuracy (0.82–0.94 AUCROC) in species distribution modeling. Case studies on model systems reveal that individual-level behavioral sentinels, such as a 50% plummet in juvenile pika recruitment and transgenerational dysfunction in sticklebacks, provide high-sensitivity early warning signals of biogeographic range collapse that are often missed by traditional structural metrics. Integrating behavioral dynamics into global conservation frameworks significantly enhances the precision of extinction risk assessments and spatial planning. The proposed framework offers a scalable decision-support system to operationalize the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework’s "30x30" targets, potentially improving conservation efficiency by 37% and reducing associated government spending by 40% through synergistic climate-biodiversity policy alignment.
Artificial Intelligence, Behavioral Ecology, Biodiversity Conservation, Biogeography, Machine Learning.
Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens in Cultured Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Phenotypic and Molecular Insights
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture poses a significant threat to both fish health and public safety. In this study, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from the Kokernag trout-rearing unit were collected to isolate and characterize bacterial pathogens, assess antimicrobial susceptibility, and detect antibiotic resistance genes in the fish. Based on phenotypic and genotypic characterization, six bacterial isolates, including Aeromonas sobria, Escherichia coli, Flavobacterium psychrophilum, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Yersinia ruckeri, were identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed variable resistance patterns, with high resistance observed against ampicillin, oxytetracycline, and erythromycin, whereas florfenicol, gentamicin, ceftazidime, and meropenem remained effective. Molecular screening confirmed the presence of sul1 and blaTEM antibiotic resistance genes among the isolates. These findings highlight the prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in trout aquaculture, underscoring the importance of prudent antibiotic use, continuous surveillance, and integrated disease management strategies to safeguard both aquaculture productivity and public health.
Aquaculture, Fish Pathogens, Antimicrobial Resistance, One Health, Antibiotic Resistance Genes.
Shigufta Ali, Tanveer Ahmad Mir, Muzamil Liakat Mir
A study of Continuities and Shift in India and USA Strategic Engagement, 1993-2024
This study looks at the strategic relationships between India and the US from 1993 to 2024, looking at how they have stayed the same and changed over three time periods. In these steps, there is healing after the Cold War, institutional strengthening, and a strategy shift as the world's politics change. The article examines how early diplomatic efforts turned into a strategic relationship, starting with India's economic change and a drop in Cold War distrust. The 1998 Singh-Talbott meeting, the 2005 Civil Nuclear Agreement, and the improvement of the military and technology relationship under different administrations are all looked at. After 2017, there will be the Indo-Pacific alliance, the Quad renewal, and new technology cooperation led by (iCET). The text talks about shared values and common interests, like managing China's power in the area, but it also looks at disagreements over trade, human rights, and global disasters. The main idea of this piece is that the friendship between the US and India is practical and strong. This partnership is based on a need for strategy alignment and a shared understanding of our regional and global duties. The study comes to this opinion by looking at scholarly books, government documents, and international events.
India–US strategic partnership, bilateral relations, Indo-Pacific strategy, QUAD (Quadrilateral Security Dialogue), defense cooperation, civil nuclear agreement, geopolitical shifts, emerging technologies (iCET), realism and foreign policy, institutionalization of diplomacy, strategic autonomy, trade and economic diplomacy, counterterrorism cooperation, US Pivot to Asia, China containment strategy, Major Defense Partner status, 2+2 dialogue format, multilateral engagement, technology diplomacy, non-alignment and post-Cold War realignment.
Antimicrobial Activity of Protease Enzyme Produced by Trichoderma Species Against Xanthomonas sp
This study evaluates the antimicrobial potential of protease enzymes produced by Trichoderma species (TD1–TD6) against the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas sp. (Xm-1). The enzymes were extracted and tested at four concentrations: 25, 50, 75, and 100 µg/mL, using the agar well diffusion method to assess antibacterial activity. The results demonstrated a clear concentration-dependent response, with zsones of inhibition increasing as the enzyme concentration increased. Among the tested isolates, TD-3 exhibited the most significant antimicrobial effect, showing a maximum inhibition zone of 24 mm at 100 µg/mL. Other isolates, such as TD-2 and TD-4, also showed moderate activity, while TD-1, TD-5, and TD-6 displayed relatively lower inhibition. These findings indicate that the protease enzymes produced by certain Trichoderma isolates possess promising antibacterial properties. In particular, TD-3 appears to produce either more active protease or additional antimicrobial compounds that enhance its efficacy against Xanthomonas sp. The results support the potential application of protease-producing Trichoderma strains as eco-friendly biocontrol agents in agriculture to manage bacterial plant diseases. Further studies, including purification and molecular characterization of the active compounds, are recommended to explore the mechanism of action and optimize their use in integrated pest management strategies.
Protease enzyme, Trichoderma, Xanthomonas, antimicrobial activity, zone of inhibition, biocontrol.
Comparison of Traditional and Advanced methods of teaching English at school level
Teaching and learning both are two sides of a coin, without talking about heads we can’t talk about tales. when we toss the coin we can see only one face at a time, this is also pity of our education system that we always talk about one side either teaching or learning. Efficiency in teaching will be reflected in the performance of learner, so we want to see how efficiently we taught we have to see the performance of learner. English is a second language in India and to teach it effectively we need adroitness as well as selection of proper methods of teaching English as second language as well as a global language. its duty of our education system not to produce people who are not fit for global economy. we should see English language in a bigger frame .it should work as a wheel for our students not a hindrance in their growth and progress. Now a day every employer is in search of a good and efficient employee, it doesn’t matter from which part of world the person belongs, on condition that the person is able to communicate in global language and this status is being enjoyed by English since a long time .so ,to make our students fit for world economy we need to make them proficient in speaking skills .Earlier English was taught as a subject in schools but now there is need that we should taught as a language so that our students could be able to speak and communicate in English .Teaching methods play an important role in acquisition of a language .This is a big challenge for even a good and efficient teacher that which method of teaching English as a second and global language is appropriate or more effective in acquisition of a language
Consequence Of Excessive Digital Device Use On Academic Outcome And Family Cohesion Among Adolescents
Background: The widespread integration of digital devices in adolescents’ daily lives has revolutionized education and communication. However, excessive device use has raised significant concerns regarding its impact on academic performance and family cohesion. This study aimed to assess the relationship between digital device overuse, academic outcomes, and family relationships among adolescents. Methods: A descriptive quantitative study was conducted among 80 adolescents aged 12–17 years at a Government Higher Secondary School in Tamil Nadu, India. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire on socio-demographic variables, a 5-point Likert scale assessing digital device use, the Carson Birchmeier Academic Performance Scale, and the Carl V. Rabstejnek Family Interaction Scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including Pearson’s correlation and Chi-square tests, were used for analysis. Results: The findings revealed that 40% of participants reported mild device usage, 17.5% moderate, and 2.5% high. A negative correlation was observed between excessive digital device use and academic performance (r = –0.42, p < 0.01), as well as between device use and family cohesion (r = –0.39, p < 0.01). Age, gender, and mother’s education were significantly associated with digital device use (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Excessive digital device use adversely affects both academic outcomes and family cohesion among adolescents. Promoting digital literacy, parental guidance, and school-based awareness programs can foster balanced device use and support adolescents’ holistic development.
Digital Device Use, Academic Performance, Family Cohesion, Adolescents
Aleena Meety Lal, Sweetha D, Swetha J, Swetha V.
Assess the knowledge and attitude of hpv vaccine Among non-medical undergraduate students at chennai
Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the leading gynecologic cancers globally, ranked 4th among all cancers in women. It significantly affects women’s physical, emotional, and financial well-being. Diagnosis and treatment can disrupt daily life, relationships, and careers. This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude toward the HPV vaccine among non-medical undergraduate students. Methodology: A total of 358 undergraduate students were selected from Dwaraka Doss Govardhan Doss Vaishnav College in Chennai. Data was collected using an interview method with a structured questionnaire designed by the researcher to assess knowledge, and a 3-point Likert scale was developed to assess attitudes. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The study showed that 83% of students had inadequate knowledge about the HPV vaccine, with only 13% demonstrating moderate knowledge. Additionally, 77% of students exhibited a negative attitude toward vaccination. The mean knowledge score was 1.20 (SD = 0.44), and the mean attitude score was 1.22 (SD = 0.47), indicating poor knowledge and attitudes. A positive correlation (r = 0.32, p = 0.001) was found between knowledge and attitude, suggesting that lack of knowledge contributes to negative attitudes toward the HPV vaccine. Conclusion: Non-medical students show a lack of knowledge and negative attitudes toward the HPV vaccine. Implementing awareness programs in colleges can improve knowledge, foster positive attitudes, and increase vaccine acceptance among students.
Mrs. Gayathri.T, Mr. Akash. S, Ms. Bhuvaneshwari. M.P, Mr. Dominic Rakesh. A, MS. Gifty Olive Sharon. D, MS. Anitha .M
Assess The Dysmenorrrea And Quality Of Life Among Women In Rural Populations At Chennai
Introduction: Dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation, is a common condition that significantly impacts women’s quality of life. In rural areas, challenges such as limited healthcare access, lack of menstrual hygiene products, and cultural stigma make it difficult for women to manage the condition. Many rely on inadequate products, which worsen symptoms and increase the risk of infections. Methodology: A total of 380 women from a rural population were selected from the primary health center in Thodukadu, Tiruvallur. Data was collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire developed by the researcher to assess dysmenorrhea. The WHOQOL-BREF tool was used to evaluate the quality of life. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for data analysis. Results: The study shows that the majority of women were aged 20–25 years (51%), married (54%), and 43% had completed secondary education. Significant proportions (60%) were in the low-income category. Dysmenorrhea affected 59% of the women, with 53% experiencing moderate symptoms and 33% reporting severe symptoms. The average score for dysmenorrhea was 2.18 (SD = 0.65), and for quality of life, it was 3.61 (SD = 0.67). A significant correlation (r = 0.19, p = 0.0001) was found, indicating that dysmenorrhea negatively impacted quality of life. Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea is prevalent among rural women and significantly affects their quality of life. Addressing this issue through awareness programs and targeted interventions is essential for improving their health and well-being. By reducing the severity of dysmenorrhea, the overall quality of life for women in rural communities can be enhanced.
Mrs. Rosy.P, Mr.Pavan Surendran, Mr. Parthasarathy.B, Ms.Pooja.P, Ms. Pavithra S, Ms.Nizy k Mahesh
Reclaiming Development: Tribal Co-Authorship in a Decolonial Indian Framework
India’s tribal policy landscape is defined by a stark contradiction: an unprecedented proliferation of targeted missions (PM JANMAN, Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan, PVTG Development Mission) coexists with enduring realities of land dispossession, cultural erasure, and eroded autonomy. This study moves beyond the isolation–assimilation–integration trilogy and advances a fourth, decolonial paradigm—tribal communities as co-authors and knowledge-holders, not beneficiaries, of India’s developmental and ecological futures. Using a mixed-method, four-zone (Central, Western, Southern, North-East) design and two original analytical tools—the Cultural Continuity Index and Autonomy Perception Scale—the study finds that tribal conceptions of “development” centre on secure land relations, linguistic and ritual continuity, and meaningful self-rule, rather than infrastructure and welfare provisioning. Persistent PESA (1996) and FRA (2006) implementation failures, the cultural illiteracy of major missions, and the rapid erosion of indigenous epistemologies expose a deeper epistemic rupture between state developmentalism and community worldviews. The paper proposes a transformative blueprint: restoration of Gram Sabha sovereignty; integration of indigenous pedagogy, ecological knowledge, and traditional medicine into public systems; tribal-led digital and data ecosystems; and statutory recognition of community intellectual property. A development model that places tribal worldviews at its epistemic core—rather than at its administrative margins—is essential for achieving a future that is culturally just, ecologically grounded, and genuinely decolonial.
Tribal autonomy, indigenous epistemology, decolonial development, Cultural Continuity Index, PESA–FRA implementation gap, Gram Sabha sovereignty, PM JANMAN, PVTG Mission, cultural continuity.
Dr Harendra Pratap Singh Chouhan, Dr. Roli Pradhan
Adi Sanskriti: A NEP 2020–Aligned Digital Framework for the Preservation and Empowerment of India’s Tribal Knowledge Systems within the Bhartiya Gyan Parampara
The Adi Sanskriti Digital Learning Platform, inaugurated by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA) on 10 September 2025 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, marks a historic milestone in the digital preservation and revitalization of India’s tribal heritage. Conceived as the world’s first “Digital University for Tribal Culture,” this initiative directly advances the vision of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which calls for the integration of India’s indigenous knowledge systems, promotion of multilingualism, experiential learning, digital inclusion, and the preservation of endangered languages and cultural heritage. At a time when rapid globalization, technological disruption, and cultural homogenization threaten the continuity of traditional knowledge systems, Adi Sanskriti leverages artificial intelligence, digital repositories, and e-learning frameworks to not only safeguard tribal wisdom but also democratize access and participation, embodying NEP 2020’s emphasis on equitable, technology-enabled, and culturally rooted education. This study argues that Adi Sanskriti’s strength lies in its integrated design, structured around three core pillars: Adi Vishwavidyalaya (Digital Tribal Art Academy), Adi Sampada (Socio-Cultural Knowledge Repository), and Adi Haat (Digital E-Marketplace). Together, these components operationalize a holistic and multidisciplinary framework in which heritage-based education, systematic documentation, skill development, entrepreneurship, and sustainable livelihoods are interlinked. This model reflects NEP 2020’s focus on vocational education, experiential learning, community engagement, and linking education with employability and economic empowerment. The paper examines the platform’s technical and institutional architecture, the convergence of stakeholders—MoTA, tribal research institutes, artisans’ collectives, trade federations, and the Digital University of India—and the early socio-economic transformations observed through field-based interactions with tribal communities. This research is significant as it positions Adi Sanskriti not merely as a digital preservation initiative, but as a transformative model of digital decolonization, enabling indigenous communities to reclaim epistemic ownership of their knowledge systems, assert sovereignty over their cultural narratives, and access regional, national, and global markets through authentic self-representation. The study addresses critical scholarly and implementation gaps, including the absence of integrated models linking education, culture, and livelihood in tribal digitization projects; limited academic engagement with India’s AI-enabled linguistic preservation efforts such as Adi Vaani; the lack of field-based studies capturing community perceptions of digital cultural platforms; and insufficient documentation of the role of inter-institutional collaboration in ensuring long-term sustainability. By bridging these gaps, the paper establishes Adi Sanskriti as a pioneering, scalable, and NEP-aligned framework for inclusive cultural preservation, knowledge democratization, and community-centred development in the digital age.
Tribal Empowerment, Digital Heritage, Indigenous Knowledge Systems, TRIFED, Digital University, Cultural Preservation, Tribal Research Institutes, e-Marketplace, Socio-Cultural Repository, Adi Sanskriti, Bhartiya Gyan Parampara, Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), Tribal Knowledge Systems, NEP 2020, Digital Heritage Preservation, Indigenous Cultural Empowerment, Digital Decolonization, AI-enabled Linguistic Preservation, Community-centered Digital Learning
Effects of Intradialytic Exercise on Fatigue, Biochemical and Physiological Parameters among patients undergoing Hemodialysis in selected tertiary hospital, Chennai
Introduction: Patients undergoing hemodialysis are most likely to be physically inactive, and this is associated with several detrimental clinical outcomes. Fatigue and elevated metabolic markers are directly linked to decreased physical activity. Intradialytic exercise is a non-pharmacological treatment for hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), although it is rarely utilized in most hemodialysis centers. This study aims to evaluate the effects of an intradialytic exercise program (IDEP) on fatigue, biochemical and physiological parameters in hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods: Using a quasi-experimental design, 40 patients from two dialysis centers were recruited and randomly assigned to 20 intervention and 20 control groups. Patients in the intervention group received IDEP education twice a week for 25 minutes each, while patients in the control group merely received standard care. Fatigue, biochemical, and physiological indicators were assessed at baseline and at various points after IDEP. While there was minimal change in the physiological and biochemical markers, such as potassium, urea, creatinine, and hemoglobin, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fatigue steadily decreased in the intervention group. The majority of patients in the control group reported no change in their degree of fatigue. In certain instances, the level of fatigue is increased. Conclusion: IDEP is a non-pharmacological, complementary, safe, and affordable treatment for fatigue that can be used during hemodialysis. The patient's level of fatigue will be decreased without requiring more time if IDEP is incorporated into routine therapy.
Dr.Kavinmozhi James, Dr.Vahitha Mala K, Mrs.Sheeba Basil B, Ms.Kavikuilrani B, Mr.Muthu Selvan N V, Shevani B
A comparative study to evaluate the efficacy of applying ice packs versus applying manual pressure on discomfort at the pentavalent vaccination site among newborns who were attending the immunization clinic at a selected hospital in Coimbatore.
A field experiment was conducted in Karbala Governorate/Tawrij District in 2024 on a silty clay soil to investigate the role of the chisel plow in loosening the hardpan layer and promoting crop growth. A New Holland TD80 tractor was used in this experiment. Two components were examined: operating speed (2.80, 4.65, and 6.15 km/h-1), and plowing depth (50 and 65 cm). Mechanical unit technical metrics such drawing force, slippage percentage, fuel usage, and maize plant output were examined. The experiment used a three-replicate Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The lowest slippage percentage was 6.90% and the lowest traction force was 618.11 kg at 2.80 km/h-1. The lowest fuel usage was 9.99 L/ha and the maximum plant output was 8.05 t/ha at 6.15 km/h-1. A 50 cm plowing depth yielded the lowest pulling force (613.21 kg), slippage (7.57%), and fuel usage (11.91 L/ha). The maximum plant output was 6.76 t/ha at 65 cm. All attributes were significantly affected by the speed-plowing plot interaction. Operating speed, traction force, plant productivity, slippage, Chisel Plow.
Dr. D. Ruby Anitha ,M.Sc ( N) , Ph. D ( N), principal, United college of Nursing , Coimbatore
Unmasking Cryptic Diversity: Automated Species Discrimination in the Genus Raja using Deep Learning and Geometric Morphometrics
The genus Raja (Family: Rajidae) presents a significant challenge to marine conservation and fisheries management due to profound morphological stasis and the prevalence of cryptic species complexes. Traditional alpha-taxonomic methods frequently fail to distinguish closely related species, such as the phenotypic variants of Raja clavata and Raja montagui, leading to aggregated catch data and the potential overexploitation of vulnerable stocks. This study proposes a transformative "Digital Taxonomy" framework to resolve this taxonomic impediment by synergizing Geometric Morphometrics (GMM) with Deep Learning (DL). We outline a methodology utilizing Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA) on 16 anatomical landmarks to quantify shape variation independent of size, combined with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to extract high-dimensional features from complex dermal textures and chromatic patterns. Furthermore, we propose a Feature-Level Fusion Network architecture that integrates geometric and visual data streams to achieve superior classification accuracy. This automated, reproducible approach offers a robust solution for unmasking cryptic diversity, facilitating accurate stock assessments, and ensuring the long-term resilience of Northeast Atlantic skate populations.
Geometric Morphometrics, Artificial intelligence, Cryptic Diversity, Feature-Level Fusion, Deep Learning, Raja.
Deep Learning for the Deep Blue: A Systematic Review of AI in Marine and Freshwater Biodiversity Monitoring
Escalating global aquatic biodiversity crisis calls for scalable automated monitoring solutions. Machine Learning – particularly Deep Learning, and Computer Vision Artificial Intelligence (AI) provides unprecedented opportunities to automate the analysis of complex, large data streams from marine, coastal and freshwater environments. Nevertheless, prior to the widespread implementation of such tools we need to critically evaluate their methodological readiness and ethical regulation. The aim of this systematic review was to provide a systematic description, synthesis and critical assessment of literature on AI in aquatic biodiversity research strictly following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. A systematic review was performed by searching in specialized databases (Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) focusing on population intervention outcome (PIO)-based queries with Boolean logic to combine technology for ecological domains. We limited the studies' publication year range to 2010 through 2025 in order to reflect the modern era of deep learning advancements. A detailed risk of bias analysis was carried out that specifically focused on methodological limitations which might affect model generalizability including violations to the data independence assumption and batch effects. Bibliometric analysis of the selected studies showed exponential development of research in this area, especially from 2015, and with a major contribution from China, US and India. Applications focus on automatic species recognition, fine-grained behavior analysis (e.g., estimating pose from drone imagery), predictive mapping of habitats using spatial statistics and automated PAM. Major limitations found are common data paucity in niche subfields demanding new approaches i.e., synthetic data generation, frequent model generalization issues due to faulty internal testing process and while using Explainable AI (XAI) methods suffer from severe underutilization. Although AI is an increasingly important conservation tool, its application needs to be monitored by strict, standardized validation and transparency (XAI) protocols. In addition, the sizable external environmental impact of AI infrastructure — notably in terms of water and energy usage — should be immediately integrated into ethical and sustainable deployment approaches.
Research and Conserve Some Endangered, Precious, Rare Bird Species, Priority Species For Protection In Gia Lai Province
Gia Lai province's biodiversity has a diverse ecosystem with a combination of strongly fragmented and mountainous forest ecosystems, high average slopes and elevations. This is home to many animal species, including many endangered, precious, rare birds, and priority species for protection. The survey results from May 2022 to December 2023 identified 354 bird species belonging to 53 families and 17 orders recorded in Gia Lai province, 354 species occurring diversely in 5 habitats: Natural forests; Planted forests; Grasslands, shrubs, scattered trees; Residential areas, swidden fields; Rivers, streams, wetlands. Of which, 222 species were recorded from samples collected and directly observed, 115 species through documents, 59 species recorded directly through interviews, relics and photos of the species. CR level: SDVN (2007): 1 species (4.55%), IUCN (2023): 5 species (22.73%). According to IUCN (2023), the proportion of critically endangered species is significantly higher than that of SDVN (2007). This may indicate an increase in the level of endangered species in the bird fauna; EN level: SDVN (2007): 3 species (13.64%); IUCN (2023): 3 species (13.64%). The rate of endangered species according to both SDVN (2007) and IUCN (2023) is the same, showing the stability of the level of danger over time for this group of species; VU level: SDVN (2007): 9 species (40.91%); ND06 (2019): 5 species (22.73%); IUCN (2023): 5 species (22.73%). The rate of species at risk according to SDVN (2007) is higher than that of ND06 (2019) and IUCN (2023). This may indicate a decrease in the number of species at risk according to the new classification systems. The study also identified the distribution characteristics and proposed conservation solutions for endangered, precious and rare bird species in Gia Lai province.
Biodiversity, birds, endangered rare, Gia Lai
Thien Nguyen Phuc, Khoa Dang Dang, Trung Nguyen Van
Assessing The Impact Of Wastewater From The Ta Lai Fabric And Brocade Craft Village, Tan Phu District, Dong Nai Province, On The Development And Gene Expression In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)
Wastewater from traditional dyeing and weaving craft villages is a complex pollution source, containing both organic matter and heavy metals, but comprehensive assessments of their toxicity remain limited. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the impact of wastewater from the Ta Lai craft village (Tan Phu, Dong Nai) on the development, heavy metal accumulation, and molecular-level responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of wastewater (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) from the 1-2 cell stage until 7 days post fertilization (dpf). Hatching rate, malformation rate, heart rate, and body length were monitored. Heavy metal content accumulated in larvae was quantified by ICP-MS. The expression of genes related to oxidative stress (sod1, sod2), metal detoxification (mt1, mt2), and cell cycle (cdk4, cdk6) was analyzed by RT-qPCR. The wastewater was slightly acidic (pH=5.8) and contained levels of COD (485 mg/L), BOD (285 mg/L), Chromium (2.85 mg/L), and Lead (1.20 mg/L) exceeding permissible limits. Wastewater exposure inhibited the hatching rate (only 10.5% at 100% concentration), drastically increased the malformation rate (95.8%), caused heart rate irregularities, and reduced larval body length in a concentration-dependent manner. Analysis showed significant bioaccumulation of Chromium (45.2 ng/g) and Lead (18.6 ng/g) in larval bodies. At the molecular level, the expression of sod1, sod2, mt1, and mt2 genes was strongly upregulated (from 4.5 to 7.1 fold), while the expression of cdk4 and cdk6 was suppressed (only 0.35 and 0.28 fold, respectively). Wastewater from the Ta Lai craft village causes severe developmental toxicity, leads to heavy metal accumulation, and induces molecular disorders in zebrafish. These results provide crucial scientific evidence highlighting the necessity for effective wastewater treatment measures before discharge to protect aquatic ecosystems and public health.
Zebrafish, developmental toxicity, heavy metals, oxidative stress, gene expression, craft village wastewater, Ta Lai.
Khoa Dang Dang, Thien Nguyen Phuc, Huong Nguyen Huynh Thu
Combined Effects Of Microplastics And Cadmium On Oxidative Stress, Dna Damage, And Embryonic Development In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)
Mixed pollution in the aquatic environment is a major challenge, in which microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals like cadmium (Cd) are pollutants of significant concern. This study aimed to assess the toxic impacts of co-exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and Cd on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae. Zebrafish embryos from 2 hours post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to the following treatments: control, PS-MPs (100 µg/L), Cd (10 µg/L), and a combination of PS-MPs + Cd until 120 hpf. The results showed that, compared to the single-exposure groups, the co-exposure group exhibited the most severe synergistic effects: the lowest survival and hatching rates (68.9% and 45.2%, respectively), the highest malformation rate (particularly spinal curvature) at 43%, an increased heart rate (185 bpm), and a decreased body length (2.98 mm). The cause was identified as PS-MPs acting as vectors, significantly enhancing the bioaccumulation of Cd in the larvae (1.49 times higher). The toxicity mechanism involved a strong induction of oxidative stress, demonstrated by the highest levels of ROS and MDA, along with the superior upregulation of defense genes (SOD1, SOD2, CAT, MT2). Concurrently, DNA damage and apoptosis were strongly activated, with a marked increase in GADD45G expression and a severe imbalance towards pro-apoptosis (the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio increased 28.33-fold). These molecular damages led to clear histopathological alterations in the intestine. In conclusion, PS-MPs significantly exacerbated Cd toxicity by enhancing its bioaccumulation, leading to synergistic oxidative stress, cellular damage, and developmental disruptions in zebrafish. This study highlights the necessity of considering the risks from pollutant mixtures in environmental assessments.
Microplastics, Cadmium, Combined pollution, Zebrafish, Oxidative stress, DNA damage, Synergistic effect.
Khoa Dang Dang, Thien Nguyen Phuc, Tuan Ngo Van, Trung Nguyen Van
Development of Milk Based Malted Finger Millet (Ragi) Health Drink
In India, finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is also referred to as ragi. Finger millet's digestibility, sensory appeal, and nutritional value are all enhanced by malting, which also significantly reduces the anti-nutrients. A powerful medium for the creation of ragi-based value-added goods is milk. This study's goals were to create a milk-based malted ragihealth drink and investigate how malting affects the drink's composition. For the creation of a milk-based malted ragi health drink, the amount of malted ragi flour (4%, 5%, and 6%) added to milk was optimized. 5% malted ragi flour in milk was determined to be the ideal amount to create health drinks based on the findings of the sensory test. When compared to the control (a health drink made with unmaltedragi flour), malting was shown to have a substantial (P<0.05) favorable impact on levels of protein, ash, crude fiber, and acidity. Additionally, compared to the control, the health drink's calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin C content rose as a result of malting.
Eleusine coracana, Finger millet, malting, Health Drink, Ragi.
Komal Singh, Richa Singh, Divya Anand, Neha Jha, Vaibhav Jangid, Disha Srivastava, Rhoini singh
Macroalgae-Invertebrate Associations in Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur, Philippines: Ecological Survey and Community-based Economic Utility
This study was conducted to determine macroalgae-invertebrate associations in Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur, Philippines: ecological survey and community-based economic utility. Specifically, it determined the macroalgal species in both the intertidal and subtidal zones in terms of percent cover, associated invertebrates and their type of association, and community-based economic utility. The study employed a descriptive and observational method, utilizing transect-quadrat sampling. The study protocol was approved by the University Research Ethics Committee. Results show that Division Rhodophyta (red algae) had the highest percent cover for both the intertidal and subtidal zones, followed by Division Chlorophyta (green algae) and Division Phaeophyta (brown algae) respectively. Ecological associations between the macroalgae and invertebrate species range from commensalism, herbivory, facilitative, indirect mutualism, and predatory. Community-based economic utility for the macroalgae and associated invertebrates include the following: livelihood and income generation, local food consumption and market sales, small-scale aquaculture activities, raw materials for food products, souvenirs, or processed goods. These activities help sustain coastal community livelihoods and contribute to local economic development of the community. It is recommended that community-based coastal resource management (CBCRM) programs involving LGUs, academic institutions, NGOs and fisherfolks may be implemented to promote awareness, conservation, and sustainable use of resources, to sustain the economic, ecological, and social value of macroalgae and associated invertebrates in the community.
Seaweeds, percent cover, descriptive, observational method, transect-quadrat.
Effectiveness of An Android-Based Mobile App On The Concepts Of Management And Leadership Among Nursing Managers In Pekanbaru Hospital
Hospital nurses have no time to develop their leadership and management skills as face-to-face provided by their own hospitals. There are so many nurses who needs training to become leaders and managers. The methodology for this research is A quasi-experimental study design was implored among 300 hospital nurse respondents at Pekanbaru hospital in Indonesia. Purposive sampling technique was used. A survey questionnaire was used as pre- and posttest. A newly developed android-based mobile software application was used as an interventional tool to be compared with the control groups who will attend a face-to-face education and training on leadership and management. The result is The high correlation between Experimental Before and After (0.979) highlights the intervention's success in significantly improving the experimental group’s leadership and management functions while maintaining pre-existing patterns, whereas the strong Control Before and After correlation (0.961) reflects consistent but marginal improvements with exposure to conventional methods. Cross-group correlations, Experimental Before vs. Control Before (0.848), Experimental Before vs. Control After (0.853), Experimental After vs. Control Before (0.881), and Experimental After vs. Control After (0.876) demonstrated shared baselines and a narrowing performance gap following both interventions. The experimental group showed a significant improvement in leadership and management performance with a mean difference of 12.8 (SD = 5.6, t = 18.29, p < 0.001), while the control group exhibited a smaller yet statistically significant mean difference of 3.3 (SD = 1.5, t = 4.40, p < 0.001), highlighting the greater impact of the targeted intervention compared to conventional methods. The overall analysis indicates that the Android-based mobile software application was effective in refining the leadership and management trainings for Indonesian nursing managers in Pekanbaru Hospital. The experimental group’s targeted training produced stronger and more consistent outcomes across functions compared to the control group, which only received exposure to conventional methods.
Leadership And Management, Nursing Management, Planning, Organizing, Oversighting, Administrating, Controlling
Increasing the Independence of Stunting Families with Family-Centered Nursing Interventions
This literature review comprehensively examines the effectiveness of family-centered nursing interventions in increasing the independence of families affected by stunting. The review analyzed 30 studies focusing on intervention outcomes, cultural integration, healthcare system navigation, and sustainable health management practices across diverse healthcare settings. Findings revealed that family-centered interventions significantly improved families' capacity to manage stunting independently, with 75-85% of families showing enhanced abilities in growth monitoring and nutritional management. Cultural adaptation of interventions emerged as a crucial factor, resulting in 40-70% better engagement and compliance rates compared to standardized approaches. Healthcare system navigation capabilities showed marked improvement, with 60-65% increases in appropriate service utilization and a 45% reduction in missed appointments. The development of sustainable health practices was particularly noteworthy, with 70-85% of families maintaining improved practices post-intervention. Implementation challenges included resource limitations, cultural barriers, and system complexities, necessitating various adaptation strategies. Successful programs demonstrated effective solutions through cultural integration, flexible delivery methods, and strong community partnerships. The review identified key components of successful interventions, including comprehensive family assessment, practical skill development, and ongoing support systems. Economic analyses indicated cost-effectiveness, with significant returns through reduced healthcare utilization and improved health outcomes. However, the review also highlighted areas requiring further research, particularly in standardization of implementation frameworks, long-term outcome evaluation, and cost-effectiveness analysis across diverse settings. These findings support the effectiveness of family-centered nursing interventions in building sustainable family capabilities for stunting management while providing valuable insights for healthcare providers and policymakers in developing and implementing similar programs.
Family-Centered Nursing, Healthcare Navigation, Nutrition Intervention, Pediatric Nursing, Stunting Management
Nurhafizah Nasution, Tukimin bin Sansuwito