Role of Innovations / Interventions to Bring Sustainability in Aquaculture Growth in Indonesia: Integration of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Framework

Abstract

Seafood is a vital aspect of the Indonesian diet, both healthily and monetarily. Due to the overconsumption of sea fish and other seafood over the years, numerous concerns about climate change have arisen. To protect the aquaculture business, it is of the utmost importance to increase sustainable seafood production in Indonesia with minimal environmental damage. Moreover, the ecological implications of the aquaculture industry rely on the management of the site and the species used. To ensure the sustainable expansion of the aquaculture sector, innovations/interventions are required to offset the impact of environmental consequences associated with the sector's growth. To do this, the current study utilized a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Approach and primary and secondary data to identify a set of treatments. As a result, the protective capability of seven aquaculture interventions in Indonesia has been extracted. These interventions include increased bioproduct utilization and decreased food waste, use of renewable electricity, preference for freshwater finfish over shrimp, preference of pelleted feeds over low-cost fish diets, sustainable intensification of milkfish polyculture, Asian tiger shrimp, and reduction of tilapia, carp, and shrimp, as well as sustainable processing and packaging. Moreover, this study contributes to the aquaculture literature by not only relying on the literature review but also analyzing primary and secondary data using the LCA to identify critical interventions for the sustainable expansion of the aquaculture sector.