Antimicrobial Activity of Protease Enzyme Produced by Trichoderma Species Against Xanthomonas sp

Abstract

This study evaluates the antimicrobial potential of protease enzymes produced by Trichoderma species (TD1–TD6) against the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas sp. (Xm-1). The enzymes were extracted and tested at four concentrations: 25, 50, 75, and 100 µg/mL, using the agar well diffusion method to assess antibacterial activity. The results demonstrated a clear concentration-dependent response, with zsones of inhibition increasing as the enzyme concentration increased. Among the tested isolates, TD-3 exhibited the most significant antimicrobial effect, showing a maximum inhibition zone of 24 mm at 100 µg/mL. Other isolates, such as TD-2 and TD-4, also showed moderate activity, while TD-1, TD-5, and TD-6 displayed relatively lower inhibition. These findings indicate that the protease enzymes produced by certain Trichoderma isolates possess promising antibacterial properties. In particular, TD-3 appears to produce either more active protease or additional antimicrobial compounds that enhance its efficacy against Xanthomonas sp. The results support the potential application of protease-producing Trichoderma strains as eco-friendly biocontrol agents in agriculture to manage bacterial plant diseases. Further studies, including purification and molecular characterization of the active compounds, are recommended to explore the mechanism of action and optimize their use in integrated pest management strategies.